Identify the independent (manipulated) and dependent (responding) variables in a scientific investigation. Draw conclusions about the relationship between two variables using quantitative data.

Strong base is added to three different buffers and water and the effect on pH is observed.

This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

An acid-base indicator is a substance that changes color as the pH of the solution changes. Indicators work because they are weak acids which when in solution, exist in equilibrium with their ...